Law is the study of the rules that govern the conduct of human beings. It has numerous applications and it spreads into almost all fields of human life. It can be divided into three major areas: criminal law, civil law, and evidence law. Criminal law involves the rules governing criminal and civil proceedings. Evidence law involves admissible materials in courts.
Principles of the inner morality of law
Principles of the inner morality of law are a premise on which legal philosophy rests. Fuller argues that these principles are necessary for law-making. However, Hart questions whether these principles are moral.
Constitutions
Constitutions are the legal basis for any polity, organisation, or other type of entity. They generally specify how an entity is to be governed and include established precedents.
Courts
A court of law is a court where cases are decided based on the law. A court of law can hear cases from various viewpoints and can determine if one side is right or wrong.
Regulation
Regulation is the practice of setting rules, guidelines, or other rules-like documents that have the force of law. They are created and issued by an authority to guide the activities of parties under its control. Governmental regulations are most commonly issued by federal departments and administrative agencies, sometimes called “the bureaucracy”. The purpose of regulations is to guide the activity of regulated parties and ensure the uniform application of the law.
Custom
Custom law is a complex system of rules, customs, and regulations that govern the movement of goods and people within a society. While customary law is difficult to prove in a society, it has been around for centuries and forms part of our social and economic thinking. Its major components include the investigation of illicit movements of goods and people, intellectual property theft, commercial fraud, child pornography, and child sex tourism.
Justice
The World Bank’s work in the justice sector focuses on building effective, fair, and accessible justice institutions. These institutions should be able to provide effective executive branch functions. The Bank has been focusing on justice in development around the world for 25 years, completing more than 800 projects in the field. In addition, the World Bank carries out research and develops analytics to inform policy and foster dialogue in the field. The organization works in both developed and developing countries, including low and middle-income nations, as well as fragile states and countries that have experienced recent conflict.